CAR- PRISM (PRecision Intervention Smoldering Myeloma) CAR-PRISM

What's the purpose of this trial?

The goal of this research study is to test if ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) is safe and effective in treating participants with high-risk, smoldering myeloma. The names of the treatment interventions used in this study are: * Cilta-cel (or chimeric antigen receptor T cells) * Cyclophosphamide (a lymphodepleting chemotherapy) * Fludarabine (a lymphodepleting chemotherapy)

This trial is currently open and accepting patients.


What will happen during the trial?

You may be able to join this trial if you:

The following criteria is a partial list of reasons why patients may be eligible to participate in this clinical trial. Further evaluation with a medical professional is required.

Inclusion Criteria:

* Age \> 18 years.
* High-risk SMM with ≤40% plasma cells in the bone marrow and with high-risk criteria defined as having 1 of the following 2 criteria:

1. High-risk per "20-2-20" Criteria defined as presence of any two of the following:

* Serum M-protein ≥ 2 gm/dL
* Involved to uninvolved free light chain (FLC) ratio≥ 20
* Bone marrow PC% ≥ 20% to \<40%.
* OR total score of 9 using the following scoring system:

* FLC Ratio

* \>10-25 = 2
* \>25-40 = 3
* \> 40 = 5
* Serum M-protein (g/dL)

* \>1.5-3 = 3
* \>3 = 4
* BMPC%

* \>15-20 = 2
* \>20-30 = 3
* \>30-40 = 5
* \>40 = 6
* FISH abnormality (t(4,14), t(14,16), 1q gain, or del13q = 2
2. Presence of ≥10% BMPC and at least one of the following:

* Evolving pattern:

* eMP (≥10% increase in serum M-protein ) over a 6 month period OR;
* Evolving change in hemoglobin (eHb) ≥ 0.5 g/dl decrease over a 12 months period OR;
* Progressive Involved light chain increase \>10% over a 6 month period along with a light chain ration \> 8
* Abnormal PC immunophenotype (≥95% of BMPCs are clonal) and reduction of ≥1 uninvolved immunoglobulin isotype. (Only IgG; IgA and IgM will be considered) High risk cytogenetics defined as presence of t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), 17p deletion, TP53 mutation, 1q21 gain
* No evidence of CRAB criteria\* or new criteria of active MM (SLIM-CRAB) which including the following:

* Increased calcium levels: Corrected serum calcium \>0.25 mmol/L (\>1mg/dL) above the upper limit of normal or \>2.75 mmol/L (\>11mg/dL);
* Renal insufficiency (attributable to myeloma);
* Anemia (Hgb 2g/dL below the lower limit of normal or \<10g/dL);
* Bone lesions (lytic lesions or generalized osteoporosis with compression fractures)
* No evidence of the following new criteria for active MM including the following:

* Bone marrow plasma cells \>60%
* Serum involved/uninvolved FLC ratio ≥100
* MRI with more than one focal lesion

* Participants with CRAB criteria that are attributable to conditions other than the disease under study may be eligible after discussion with the Sponsor Investigator.
* ECOG Performance Status (PS) 0 or 1 (Appendix 8)
* The following laboratory values obtained \< 28 days prior to registration:

* ANC \>1000/mL
* PLT \>75,000/mL
* Total bilirubin ≤ 2.0 mg/dL (If total is elevated check direct and if normal patient is eligible.)
* AST \<2.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
* ALT \<2.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
* Estimated creatinine clearance CrCl ≥60 mL/min (Cockcroft Gault equation).
* Voluntary written informed consent before performance of any study-related procedure not part of normal medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the subject at any time without prejudice to future medical care.
* Women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test at screening and prior to the first dose of cyclophosphamide and fludarabine using a highly sensitive serum pregnancy test (β human chorionic gonadotropin \[β-hCG\]).

* When a woman is of childbearing potential, the following are required:

• Subject must agree to practice a highly effective method of contraception (failure rate of \<1% per year when used consistently and correctly) and agree to remain on a highly effective method of contraception from the time of signing the informed consent form (ICF) until 1 year after receiving a cilta-cel infusion. Examples of highly effective contraceptives include:
* user-independent methods: 1) implantable progestogen-only hormone contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation; 2) intrauterine device; intrauterine hormone- releasing system; 3) vasectomized partner.
* user-dependent methods: 1) combined (estrogen- and progestogen-containing) hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation: oral or intravaginal or transdermal; 2) progestogen-only hormone contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation (oral or injectable).
* In addition to the highly effective method of contraception, a man:

* Who is sexually active with a woman of childbearing potential must agree to use a barrier method of contraception (eg, condom with spermicidal foam/gel/film/cream/suppository) from the time of signing the ICF until 1 year after receiving a cilta-cel infusion.
* Who is sexually active with a woman who is pregnant must use a condom. Women and men must agree not to donate eggs (ova, oocytes) or sperm, respectively, during the study and for 1 year after the last dose of study treatment.

Note: Hormonal contraception may be susceptible to interaction with the study treatment, which may reduce the efficacy of the contraceptive method.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Prior SMM directed therapy.
* Symptomatic Multiple Myeloma or any evidence of CRAB criteria, including presence of myeloma defining events (MDE). Any prior therapy for active Myeloma should also be excluded. Bisphosphonates are not excluded.
* Other concurrent chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, or any ancillary therapy considered investigational. Prior therapy with bisphosphonate is allowed. Prior radiation therapy to a solitary plasmacytoma is allowed but had to be at least 1 year prior to enrollment on the trial. Prior clinical trials or therapy for smoldering MM or MGUS are not allowed per exclusion criteria described above.
* Serious medical or psychiatric illness likely to interfere with participation in this clinical study.
* Diagnosed or treated for another malignancy within 2 years of enrollment, with the exception of complete resection of basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, an in-situ malignancy, or low-risk prostate cancer after curative therapy.
* Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, inflammatory disorders, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
* Plans to father a child while enrolled in this study or within 1 year after receiving the last dose of study drug.
* Pregnant or breast-feeding or planning to become pregnant while enrolled in this study or within 1 year after receiving the last dose of study drug.
* Known seropositive for or active viral infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) or SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).

* Participants who are seropositive because of hepatitis B virus vaccine are eligible.
* Participants who are positive for SARS-COV-2 antibody, HIV1 and 2 antibody, hepatitis B core antibody or hepatitis B surface antigen must have a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result before enrollment. Those who are PCR positive will be excluded.
* Participants who are positive for HIV1 or 2 infections, with undetectable viral load and on stable antiretrovirals, will not be excluded.
* Participants with past HCV infection that have now cleared will not be excluded.
* Contraindications or life-threatening allergies, hypersensitivity, or intolerance to any study drug or its excipients (refer to Investigator's Brochure and appropriate package inserts).
* Prior or concurrent exposure to any of the following:

1. Teclistamab, Belantamab, or any anti-BCMA therapy
2. Investigational vaccine within 4 weeks of study therapy
3. Live, attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks of study therapy.
4. Monoclonal antibody therapy within 21 days except for those unrelated to MM therapy such as rituximab or other monoclonal antibodies for RA for example.
5. Cytotoxic therapy within 14 days of study therapy
6. PI therapy within 14 days of study therapy
7. IMiD agent therapy within 14 days of study therapy
8. Radiotherapy within 14 days or focal radiation within 7 days of study therapy.
* A maximum cumulative dose of corticosteroids of ≥140 mg of prednisone or equivalent within 14-day period before the first dose of cilta-cel (does not include pretreatment medications).
* Known active CNS involvement or exhibits clinical signs of meningeal involvement of multiple myeloma. If either is suspected, negative whole brain MRI and lumbar cytology are required.
* Myelodysplastic syndrome or active malignancies (i.e., progressing or requiring treatment change in the last 24 months). The only allowed exceptions are:

1. Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer treated within the last 24 months that is considered completely cured.
2. Skin cancer (non-melanoma or melanoma) treated within the last 24 months that is considered completely cured.
3. Noninvasive cervical cancer treated within the last 24 months that is considered completely cured.
4. Localized prostate cancer (N0M0):

* With a Gleason score of \<6, treated within the last 24 months, or untreated and under surveillance.
* With a Gleason score of 3 or 4 that has been treated \> 6months prior to study screening and considered to have a very low risk of occurrence, or
5. History of localized prostate cancer and receiving androgen deprivation therapy and considered to have a very low risk of recurrence.
6. Breast cancer: Adequately treated lobular carcinoma in situ or ductal carcinoma in situ, or history of localized breast cancer and receiving anti-hormonal agents and considered to have a very low risk of recurrence.
7. Other malignancy that is considered cured with minimal risk of recurrence in the judgement of the investigator.
* Stroke or seizure within 6 months prior to signing ICF.
* Presence of the following cardiac conditions:

1. New York Heart Association stage III or IV congestive heart failure
2. Myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass graft ≤6 months
3. History of clinically significant ventricular arrhythmia or unexplained syncope, not believed to be vasovagal in nature or due to dehydration
4. History of severe non-ischemic cardiomyopathy
* Major surgery within 2 weeks prior to the start of administration of study treatment, or will not have fully recovered from surgery, or has major surgery planned during the time the participant is expected to be treated in the study or within 2 weeks after administration of the last dose of study treatment.
* Concurrent medical or psychiatric condition or disease that is likely to interfere with study procedures or results, or that in the opinion of the investigator would constitute a hazard for participating in this study, such as:

1. Uncontrolled diabetes.
2. Acute diffuse infiltrative pulmonary disease.
3. Evidence of active systemic viral, fungal, or bacterial infection, requiring systemic antimicrobial therapy.
4. History of inflammatory disorders with the exception of vitiligo, type I diabetes, and prior autoimmune thyroiditis that is currently euthyroid based on clinical symptoms and laboratory testing. Participants with mild rheumatoid arthritis will not be excluded.
5. Disabling psychiatric conditions (e.g., alcohol or drug abuse), severe dementia, or altered mental status.
6. Any other issue that would impair the ability of the participant to receive or tolerate the planned treatment at the investigational site, to understand informed consent or any condition for which, in the opinion of the investigator, participation would not be in the best interest of the participant (e.g., compromise the well-being) or that could prevent, limit, or confound the protocol-specified assessments.
7. History of non-compliance with recommended medical treatments.

Additional Trial Information

Phase 2

Enrollment: 20 patients (estimated)

View More

Published Results

Early Safety and Efficacy of CAR-T Cell Therapy in Precursor Myeloma: Results of the CAR-PRISM Study Using Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel in High-Risk Smoldering Myeloma

December 09, 2024

Results: Six patients have been treated in the safety run-in with a median follow up of 6 months (60 days to 1 year). The median age is 55 (range 53-66) with 3 females and 3 males. The isotypes were IgG (4), light chain only (1) and IgD (1). No DLTs were observed in the safety run-in for both 0.5 and 0.75 x 106 CAR-positive T-cells/kg doses. Accrual of additional patients at the dose of 0.75 x 106 CAR-positive T-cells/kg is ongoing.

Grade 3 or greater hematologic toxicities were expected, transient and attributed to LD (neutropenia 100%, anemia 33%, thrombocytopenia 17%). Grade 3 or greater non-hematologic toxicities included AST and ALT increased (17%, during CRS and expected), hypertriglyceridemia (17%), and lymphocytosis (17%). No grade 3 or greater infections have been observed to date.

All patients experienced low grade cytokine release syndrome (CRS) (Grade 1 in 67% and grade 2 in 33%) and no high grade CRS events were observed. Tocilizumab was administered to 4 patients and 2 patients received dexamethasone. There have been no instances of ICANS, Parkinsonism or secondary malignancies to date. One patient experienced grade 1 Bell’s palsy that was self-limiting and resolved within 2 weeks. One patient experienced grade 4 immune related thrombocytopenia secondary to fludarabine, which resolved within 2 weeks after treatment with dexamethasone, IVIG and romiplostim.

CAR T-cells expanded in all patients with peak expansion on days 12-14 after infusion. By flow cytometry, median absolute CAR+T cell count at peak expansion was 3.8 K/uL (range 0.7 – 30 K/ul). CAR T cells were predominately CD4+ with an effector memory phenotype and remained detectable at 3 months in 2 patients. CAR T cell expansion and persistence were similar at both dose levels.

All patients achieved MRD negativity at 10-6 by day 28 and MRD negativity is sustained in all patients to date without any evidence of progression. The overall response rate is 100%, with complete response rate of 50% and responses deepening over time, consistent with delayed paraprotein clearance in the setting of MRD negativity.

Conclusions: This is the first study of CAR T-cell therapy in a precursor cancer setting, where cilta-cel was used as a primary therapy with no induction therapy for patients with HR-SMM. There have been no DLTs in the safety run-in cohort. CRS was minimal and no ICANS were observed and there were no grade 3 or greater infections. All patients achieved MRD negative (10-6 ) disease and long-term follow up is required to determine whether these responses will be sustained. The benefit of no induction therapy and potential long-term remissions may be disruptive for future therapeutic algorithms in MM.

Trial Locations

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Massachusetts

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Boston, MA

Open and Accepting
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