PVX-410 is a multi-peptide therapeutic cancer vaccine being developed for patients with smoldering multiple myeloma. The goal of treatment with PVX-410 is to induce an immune response against multiple myeloma (MM) cells by "educating" the patient's cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) to target specific tumor associated antigens. By targeting multiple antigens simultaneously, multiple peptides are employed to target the tumor cell heterogeneity observed in MM, as in all cancers, and decrease the likelihood of tumor cells developing resistance to CTLs. The vaccine is composed of a unique combination of four peptides which specifically target the highly over-expressed tumor antigens XBP1, CD138 and CS1.
PVX-410 has the potential to be utilized as a stand-alone therapy and in combination with other immunotherapeutic drug-like checkpoint inhibitors. In 2013, PVX-410 was granted orphan drug designation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
December 09, 2023
Results: We screened 16 SMM patients; 15 (94%) received treatment (7 with the double and 8 with the triple combination). By the end of the 12-month post-treatment follow-up period no patients progressed to symptomatic myeloma in the double combination cohort; one patient in the triple combination cohort withdrew by month 3 for disease progression. Most patients receiving the double combination had stable disease (SD) as their best clinical response (n=5), one had partial response (PR) and one minimal response (MR). Triple combination therapy resulted in better clinical response including PR (n=2), MR (n=4) and SD (n=2). Single-cell transcriptomic analyses of 21 PB samples from 13 patients and 15 BM samples from 11 patients at baseline and month one after treatment is in progress. Immune monitoring studies on 125 samples from 15 different patients at various timepoints from baseline up to 12-month post-treatment are ongoing. Fourteen patients (100%) had at least one treatment-related adverse event (trAEs), mostly grade 1-2 in severity. The most common trAEs among patients receiving double vs triple combination were fatigue (71% vs 63%), injection site reactions (43% vs 50%), neutropenia (57% vs 38%), anemia (29% vs 38%), and diarrhea (0% vs 50%). There was one grade 3 trAE: specifically, a thromboembolic event in one patient who was receiving lenalidomide and despite aspirin prophylaxis, but who fully recovered.
January 28, 2019
Today there are two types of cancer vaccines available: preventive and treatment. Treatment vaccines treat an existing cancer by strengthening the body’s natural immune response to the cancer. Preventative vaccines help prevent the disease from occurring in the first place, for example the HPV vaccine for cervical cancer.
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